Development of protein sequence evolution models clearly have far-reaching implications for our understanding of cellular biology, population history, and etiology of the disease. Here we analyze the transcriptome GTEx resources to measure the effects of the transcriptome on the protein sequence evolution within the framework of multi-network. We found substantial variation between the central nervous system tissue expression effect variance on an evolutionary level, with highly variable genes in cortex indicates purifying selection is significantly larger than highly variable genes in subcortical regions (Mann-Whitney U p = 1.4 × 10- 4).

The remaining network cluster in expression observed correlation with the level of evolution, allowing the analysis of the evolution of genes in diverse physiological systems, including the digestive system, reproductive, and immune system. Importantly, the tissue where the gene reaches a maximum variance expression varied significantly (p = 5.55 × 10-284) with an evolutionary level, shows a model of tissue-anchored protein sequence evolution.

Using large-scale reference resource, we show that the model provides a network-based approach transcriptome anchored to predict the main tissue affected by developmental disorders. Using a gradient driven regression tree to model the evolution of the level under various parameters of the model, features selected account for up to 62% of the variation in the rate of evolution and provide additional support to the network model.

Finally, we investigated several methodological implications, including the importance of gene expression imputation models-rate-conscious evolution using genetic data to improve the search for genes related disease in transcriptome-wide association studies. Collectively, this study presents a comprehensive transcriptome analysis based on the various factors that can inhibit the molecular evolution and propose a new framework for the study of gene function and disease mechanisms.

Optimizing primer used nuclear protein-coding genes in the phylogeny of beetles and their applications in the genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Advances in genome biology and the increasing availability of genomic resources allows developing hundreds (NPC) protein-coding nuclear markers, which can be used in phylogenetic studies. However, for lower taxonomic level, it may be more practical to select multiple loci molecules suitable for phylogenetic inference. Unfortunately, the presence of the marker NPC degenerate primers can be a major obstacle, as the amplification success rate is low and they tend to reinforce the nontargeted areas.

In this study, we optimized the five fragments NPC is widely used in phylogenetic beetle (ie, the two parts of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase: CADXM and CADMC, topoisomerase, winged and PEPCK) by reducing the length of the site and the primary sagged a little target gene. The fifth fragment NPC and 6 other molecules amplified loci to test the monophyly of the genus coccinellid Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg. Analysis of molecular data sets us clearly supported monophyletic genera may Sasajiscymnus but confirmation with extended sampling is required.

Phenol Saturated w/ 10% water for molecular biology (Phenol Liquid w/ 10% water), 90%
83275	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 6.23
Description: Part A

Phenol, Crystalline
A3651-500G	Biomatik Corporation	500G	EUR 179.3
Description: Ultra Pure

Phenol, crystalline
PB4112	Bio Basic	500g	EUR 210.34

Acrylamide 3x cryst. for molecular biology, 99.9%
61346	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 5.47
Description: Part A

Phenol Equilibrated with 0.1M Citrate Buffer pH 4.5 for molecular biology w/ Stabilizer
47484	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 7.39
Description: Part A

Phenol:Chloroform:Isoamyl Alcohol (125:24:1) pH 4.5 for molecular biology
17080	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 19.29
Description: Part A

Phenol:Chloroform:Isoamyl Alcohol (25:24:1) pH 8.0 for molecular biology
69031	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 10.4
Description: Part A

Phenol:Chloroform:Isoamyl Alcohol (49.5:49.5:1) pH 6.7 for molecular biology
79030	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 20.18
Description: Part A

Phenol Crystalline pure, 99%
28104	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 3.97
Description: Part A

Phenol:Chloroform: Isoamyl Alcohol (49.5:49.5:1) pH 8.0 for molecular biology
36976	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 21.07
Description: Part A

Phenol Crystalline extrapure AR, 99.5%
14892	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 4.45
Description: Part A

Lysozyme (3x cryst) ex. Egg white (Muramidase) for molecular biology, 15000U/mg
45822	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 6.3
Description: Part B

Casein, for Molecular Biology
MB279-100G	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 110.77
Description: Casein, for Molecular Biology

Casein, for Molecular Biology
MB279-500G	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 387.65
Description: Casein, for Molecular Biology

N,N-Methylene Bisacrylamide 3x cryst. for molecular biology, 99.5%
67320	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 3.97
Description: Part A

Sucrose for molecular biology
27580	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 4.11
Description: Part A

Urea for molecular biology, 99.5%
21113	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 6.5
Description: Part A

Xylene for molecular biology, 99.5%
45122	Sisco Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 2.81
Description: Part A

Glycine for molecular biology, 99.5%
64072	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 1.64
Description: Part A

Acetone for molecular biology, 99.8%
27498	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 3.76
Description: Part A

Methanol for molecular biology, 99.5%
96446	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 6.23
Description: Part A

Carbinol for molecular biology, 99.5%
34883	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 6.23
Description: Part A

Formamide for molecular biology, 99.5%
30349	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 5.82
Description: Part A

Imidazole for molecular biology, 99.5%
61510	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 5.47
Description: Part A

Chloroform for molecular biology, 99.8%
96764	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 3.08
Description: Part A

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210	Glentham Life Sciences	500g	EUR 53.1

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-1	Glentham Life Sciences	1	EUR 58

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 106.8

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-500	Glentham Life Sciences	500	EUR 33.1

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-500G	Glentham Life Sciences	500 g	EUR 76.8

Triethylamine for molecular biology, 99.5%
55221	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 4.11
Description: Part A

Ficoll 400® for molecular biology
45460	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 15.6
Description: Part B

Agarose UltraPhor for molecular biology
27813	Sisco Laboratories	10 Gms	EUR 46.5
Description: Part B

Boric Acid for molecular biology, 99.5%
22311	Sisco Laboratories	250 Gms	EUR 4.04
Description: Part A

2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology
MB041-100ML	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 9.02
Description: 2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology

2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology
MB041-500ML	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 26.47
Description: 2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology

Vitamin B12 for molecular biology, 97%
77472	Sisco Laboratories	250 Mg	EUR 5.78
Description: Part B

Triton X-100 for molecular biology
64518	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 6.02
Description: Part A

MOPS Buffer for molecular biology, 99%
66043	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 10.28
Description: Part B

ACES Buffer for molecular biology, 99.5%
27907	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 5.4
Description: Part B

Agarose Low EEO for molecular biology
36601	Sisco Laboratories	10 Gms	EUR 5.1
Description: Part B

PIPES Buffer for molecular biology, 99%
49159	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 26.03
Description: Part B

10X MOPS Buffer for molecular biology
68078	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 4.5
Description: Part B

CHAPS Buffer for molecular biology, 99.5%
21420	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 10.73
Description: Part B

HEPES Buffer for molecular biology, 99.5%
16826	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 6.3
Description: Part B

Sodium Azide for molecular biology, 99%
17782	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 5.47
Description: Part A

Phenylmethane Sulphonyl Fluoride (PMSF) for molecular biology, 99%
84375	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 7.13
Description: Part B

Agarose High EEO for molecular biology
60645	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 13.8
Description: Part B

Jasmonic Acid for molecular biology, 95%
79238	Sisco Laboratories	25 Mg	EUR 120.9
Description: Part B

Protamine Sulfate for molecular biology, 90-110%
78349	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 22.5
Description: Part B

Oil Red O for molecular biology, 75%
23576	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 5.33
Description: Part B

Agarose Medium EEO for molecular biology
10423	Sisco Laboratories	10 Gms	EUR 6.75
Description: Part B

Isopropanol (IPA) for molecular biology, 99.8%
38445	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 1.71
Description: Part A

Sodium Chloride for molecular biology, 99.9%
33205	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 4.52
Description: Part A

Ethidium Bromide for molecular biology, 95%
93079	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 4.58
Description: Part A

Ammonium Acetate for molecular biology, 98%
37829	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 2.12
Description: Part A

Agarose Low Melting for molecular biology
32417	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 22.5
Description: Part B

Acetonitrile (ACN) for molecular biology, 99.9%
62006	Sisco Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 4.93
Description: Part A

Potassium Acetate for molecular biology, 99.5%
96248	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 2.74
Description: Part A

Ammonium Sulphate for molecular biology, 99.5%
82126	Sisco Laboratories	250 Gms	EUR 4.93
Description: Part A

Ammonium Chloride for molecular biology, 99.5%
16992	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 4.52
Description: Part A

Potassium Chloride for molecular biology, 99.5%
84984	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 6.16
Description: Part A

Sodium Bicarbonate for molecular biology, 99.7%
36328	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 5.47
Description: Part A

Glycerol (Glycerine) for molecular biology, 99.5%
62417	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 2.05
Description: Part A

2-Mercaptoethanol for molecular biology, 99%
83759	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 5.27
Description: Part A

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) for molecular biology, 99.8%
92562	Sisco Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 3.28
Description: Part A

Acriflavine Neutral for molecular biology, 98%
42428	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 3.15
Description: Part B

Dichloromethane (DCM) for molecular biology, 99.9%
41512	Sisco Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 3.22
Description: Part A

Dithioerythritol (DTE) for molecular biology, 99%
53384	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 9.53
Description: Part B

Sodium chloride, suitable for molecular biology
GE0307	Glentham Life Sciences	1kg	EUR 41.33

Sodium chloride, suitable for molecular biology
GE0307-1	Glentham Life Sciences	1	EUR 45.2

HEPES Sodium Salt for molecular biology, 99%
32225	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 11.85
Description: Part B

meta-Topolin (mT) for molecular biology, 98%
68913	Sisco Laboratories	25 Mg	EUR 17.48
Description: Part B

L-Ascorbic Acid for molecular biology, 99.7%
14116	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 1.64
Description: Part A

Sucrose, GlenBiol, suitable for molecular biology
GC3201-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 90

Glycogen ex. Oyster for molecular biology, 85%
49740	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 7.5
Description: Part B

Acetic Acid Glacial for molecular biology, 99.9%
59788	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 3.56
Description: Part A

D-Sorbitol Powder for molecular biology, 98%
99103	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 10.33
Description: Part A

Brilliant Blue R-250 for molecular biology
93473	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 4.35
Description: Part B

Brilliant Blue G-250 for molecular biology
64222	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 4.65
Description: Part B

Propidium Iodide (PI) for molecular biology, 95%
11195	Sisco Laboratories	10 Mg	EUR 17.63
Description: Part B

Acriflavine Hydrochloride for molecular biology, 98.5%-105%
35188	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 4.05
Description: Part B

Tris Buffer Superior for molecular biology, 99.9%
37969	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 7.59
Description: Part A

Polysorbate 20 (Tween 20) for molecular biology
65296	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 10.81
Description: Part A

Molecular Biology Grade Water for RT-PCR
ML065-1.5ML	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 7.82
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water for RT-PCR

10X TE Buffer pH-8.0 for molecular biology
51782	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 9.45
Description: Part B

10X TBE Buffer pH-8.3 for molecular biology
83170	Sisco Laboratories	200 ml	EUR 4.95
Description: Part B

Tris Buffer AR, ACS for molecular biology, 99.9%
71033	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 6.02
Description: Part A

10X TAE Buffer pH-8.3 for molecular biology
71989	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 4.43
Description: Part B

Acrylamide 40% aq. solution for molecular biology
29787	Sisco Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 20.53
Description: Part A

MES Monohydrate Buffer for molecular biology, 99%
26854	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 11.03
Description: Part B

DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) for molecular biology, 98%
17315	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 5.18
Description: Part B

Glutathione Reduced (GSH) for molecular biology, 99.5%
11514	Sisco Laboratories	1 Gms	EUR 5.55
Description: Part B

Ammonium Persulphate (APS) for molecular biology, 99%
65553	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 1.64
Description: Part A

Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA) for molecular biology, 99.9%
40801	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 22.92
Description: Part A

Sodium Acetate Anhydrous for molecular biology, 99%
22342	Sisco Laboratories	250 Gms	EUR 3.56
Description: Part A

Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) for molecular biology, 99.8%
24075	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 6.02
Description: Part A

Cesium Sulphate extrapure for molecular biology, 99.9%
57455	Sisco Laboratories	10 Gms	EUR 7.5
Description: Part B

Sodium Acetate Trihydrate for molecular biology, 99.5%
88035	Sisco Laboratories	250 Gms	EUR 2.33
Description: Part A

Cesium Chloride ultrapure for molecular biology, 99.9%
32355	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 18
Description: Part B

Guanidine Thiocyanate (GTC) for molecular biology, 99%
80272	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 5.47
Description: Part A

Glutathione Oxidized (GSSG) for molecular biology, 99.5%
22151	Sisco Laboratories	250 Mg	EUR 22.5
Description: Part B

Sucrose, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GC3201	Glentham Life Sciences	1kg	EUR 41.25

Sucrose, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GC3201-1	Glentham Life Sciences	1	EUR 45.1

Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve
GS8780	Glentham Life Sciences	2500ml	EUR 239.63

Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve
GS8780-2500	Glentham Life Sciences	2500	EUR 249.8

Calcium Chloride Dihydrate for molecular biology, 99.5%
97080	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 2.12
Description: Part A

Diethyl Pyrocarbonate (DEPC) for molecular biology, 99%
46791	Sisco Laboratories	5 ml	EUR 9
Description: Part B

Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GS6659	Glentham Life Sciences	500ml	EUR 230.38

Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GS6659-2500	Glentham Life Sciences	2500	EUR 240.3

Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GS6659-500	Glentham Life Sciences	500	EUR 95.8

Formamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GS9663	Glentham Life Sciences	100ml	EUR 46.83

Formamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GS9663-100	Glentham Life Sciences	100	EUR 48.9

20X SSC Buffer pH 6.9-7.1 for molecular biology
12590	Sisco Laboratories	200 ml	EUR 2.48
Description: Part B

Guanidine Hydrochloride (GHC) for molecular biology, 99.5%
45539	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 4.79
Description: Part A

Bromocresol Purple Sodium Salt for molecular biology
24836	Sisco Laboratories	5 Gms	EUR 2.05
Description: Part A

Phenol Crystalline extrapure AR, ACS, ExiPlus, Multi-Compendial, 99.5%
97745	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 4.93
Description: Part A

Polyethylene Glycol 8000 (PEG 8000) for molecular biology
54866	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 11.97
Description: Part A

10X Tris Buffered Saline (TBS) for molecular biology
83471	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 14.7
Description: Part B

Magnesium Acetate Tetrahydrate for molecular biology, 99%
50488	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 2.74
Description: Part A

Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate for molecular biology, 99.5%
91417	Sisco Laboratories	250 Gms	EUR 4.45
Description: Part A

Magnesium Sulphate Heptahydrate for molecular biology, 99.5%
74440	Sisco Laboratories	500 Gms	EUR 6.16
Description: Part A

Tris Hydrochloride (Tris HCl) for molecular biology, 99%
89781	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 9.37
Description: Part A

Agarose Low EEO Superior Grade for molecular biology
23287	Sisco Laboratories	10 Gms	EUR 6
Description: Part B

L-Lysine Monohydrate (base) for molecular biology, 99%
45976	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 37.63
Description: Part A

OORA00229-1L - Molecular Biology Grade UltraPure Water
OORA00229-1L	Aviva Systems Biology	1L	EUR 149

OORA00230-1L - Molecular Biology Grade UltraPure Water
OORA00230-1L	Aviva Systems Biology	1L	EUR 279

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE131	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 44

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE132	GeneOn	10 g	EUR 88

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE133	GeneOn	25 g	EUR 170

NAD (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE196	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 34

NAD (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE197	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 137

NBT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE209	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 96

NBT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE210	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 345

10X Tris-Glycine-SDS Buffer for molecular biology
57806	Sisco Laboratories	200 ml	EUR 3.6
Description: Part B

10X Tris-Tricine-SDS Buffer for molecular biology
37852	Sisco Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 9.08
Description: Part B

Cesium Chloride extrapure AR for molecular biology, 99.9%
22966	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 14.63
Description: Part B

N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) for molecular biology, 99.9%
24017	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 3.08
Description: Part A

EDTA Disodium Salt Dihydrate for molecular biology, 99.5%
43272	Sisco Laboratories	100 Gms	EUR 2.26
Description: Part A

DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade
40470006-1	Bio-WORLD	100 mL	EUR 108.14

DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade
40470006-2	Bio-WORLD	250 mL	EUR 182.67

DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade
40470006-3	Bio-WORLD	500 mL	EUR 342.49

EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade
40500028-2	Bio-WORLD	50 g	EUR 130.53

EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade
40500028-3	Bio-WORLD	100 g	EUR 217.78

EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade
40500028-4	Bio-WORLD	500 g	EUR 734.55

EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade
40500028-5	Bio-WORLD	1 kg	EUR 1119.67

EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade
40500028-6	Bio-WORLD	2 kg	EUR 2070.09

BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE108	GeneOn	250 mg	Ask for price

BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE109	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 82

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE117	GeneOn	5 mg	EUR 40

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE118	GeneOn	25 mg	EUR 133

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE119	GeneOn	100 mg	EUR 281

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE237	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 79

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE238	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 135

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE239	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 608

Dimethylformamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve
GS3406	Glentham Life Sciences	2500ml	EUR 111.53

Dimethylformamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve
GS3406-2500	Glentham Life Sciences	2500	EUR 116.2

Chloroform : Isoamyl Alcohol (24:1) for molecular biology
85563	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 8.48
Description: Part B

1X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) for molecular biology
95131	Sisco Laboratories	100 ml	EUR 3.98
Description: Part B

Saponin ex. Quillaja for molecular biology, 9% Sapogenin
80967	Sisco Laboratories	25 Gms	EUR 45
Description: Part B

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE114	GeneOn	1 g	Ask for price

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE115	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 97

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE116	GeneOn	25 g	EUR 319

HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE171	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 40

A fossil-calibrated kronogram produced by BEAST, shows the origin of the genus in the late Cretaceous period (77.87 Myr). In addition, phylogenetic informativeness profile is generated to compare the phylogenetic nature of each gene is more explicit. The results showed that COI provide phylogenetic signal is the strongest among all the genes, but PEPCK, topoisomerase, CADXM and CADMC also relatively informative. Our results provide insight into the evolution of the genus Sasajiscymnus, and also enriches the molecular source of data for further study.